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Showing posts with label africa. Show all posts
Showing posts with label africa. Show all posts

Thursday, 20 October 2011

Gaddafi, Democracy and an Uncertain Future

Democracy, it could be said, is a damned odd thing.  The killing - whether an execution, incompetent man-handling or - as I suspect - an out of control mob, of former Libyan leader, Muammar Gaddafi today, is being hailed as the end of a dictator and the true birth of a democracy.  The son of a goat-herder advocated an alternative to liberal democracy in his Green Book.  I'm not sure how many of the people who keep making reference to it have actually read it, but I did earlier this year when the rising first began.  It starts out fairly engaging and then becomes dull, repetitive and contradictory.  For Gaddafi, democracy inevitably results in power lying in the hands of one or the few and they will - by human nature - abuse it.  He therefore advocated a complex and fluid series of 'committees' which would run a society (although really it's about engineering a conversation).  Of course, in reality, these ideas seemed to be forgotten as Gaddafi accumulated power and wealth for himself, his family, tribe and supporters.

Now he's gone.  Another Arab nation, Egypt - where the Arab Spring really caught the world's attention - swept away another old leader earlier this year.  Egypt today is run by the military - a committee of the unelected and whilst elections are promised, it seems hard to believe that the military will cease to have a role in the governing of Egypt.  In Britain, an 85 year-old unelected woman who descends from a series of tyrants continues to reign, with little power but kept in a luxurious lifestyle though taxation of her 'subjects'.  Democracy is, as I say, a damned odd thing.

It's the word 'democracy' that features on every news bulletin as Libyan crowds declare that they want 'democracy', and celebrate now Gaddafi has been bumped off, that they'll have 'democracy'.  There are strange expectations from some that this will mean some sort of social revolution.  Democracies have equal rights for women, employment protection, a welfare state, effective gay rights...well don't they?

Err, not quite.  The world's largest democracy is led by a man regarded as so left wing that many in his country - including leading elected politicians - regard his as a 'socialist' and yet he is opposed to same-sex marriage.  Obama's attempt to ensure his citizens had access the health-care triggered a collapse in support - something that would puzzle many Brit's who cherish their flawed but previous National Health Service.  Just fifteen years ago, this country had a very different legal landscape when it came to 'gay rights', and yet I don't recall John Major - who was called many things - being dubbed a dictator (although it's possible Edwina Curry may have done that in a moment of kinky sex).  We were, I think, a democracy (even with that pesky old dear ruling over us).

So, to all those who seem to have become swept up in the belief that the Arab Spring - and the recent events in Libya - signal a transformation in the rights of those who identify as homosexual, trans or who hope for new rights for women, I sound a word of caution.  Gaddafi held back the power if Islamic clerics during his years of bloody rule, and now Islamic thinkers are on the move in Libya and in Egypt.  These ideological forces are not ordinarily associated with a blooming in gay rights and the rights of women.  The mob that has been driving and shooting across Libya must be put back in the box that it came.  The rule of the mob must be replaced by the rule of law - and the ability of the provisional Libyan government to do that remains untested.  Today saw the death of a dictator, but the future for Libya remains uncertain, and potentially ripe with fear for many.

Sunday, 9 October 2011

Sexuality and the International Aid Agenda

One of the themes that seemed to emerge at the two coalition partner conferences was that both the Liberal Democrats and Conservatives saw an 'internationalisation' of homosexual rights to be a priority.  These essentially means that the British Government should not be neutral where governments torture, kill or criminalise their citizens because they believe them to be homosexual.   The latest idea, according to the Daily Mail, is that the British Government will withhold aid to developing countries if they persecute homosexuals - and points to the announcement that Malawi has had aid cut by £19 after two men have been sentenced to hard labour.  The Daily Mail line seems to be 'f you're going to be tough on governments that oppress gay men and women, what about regimes that do xyz'.  It's a position I have some sympathy with but aid is often used as a way of keeping regimes 'on side'.  Take Pakistan, not a gay friendly nation and one that is currently battling with corruption and terrorism.  It's an imperfect state and a good argument could be made to cut aid.  However, a Pakistan without aid is likely to become more radicalised and less supportive, presenting a danger to the region (with a nuclear conflict with India a real possibility) and a potential exporter of terrorism globally (let's not forget where Bin Laden was found).

The consequence of this real politic philosophy is that I should support regimes financially that frankly, would like to see me dead.  In truth, I don't think this in area that can be 'politically pure', and sexual rights can not be divorced from a wider international political agenda.  Yes, the British government should condemn regimes that oppress people because of their sexuality, but stop aid, I don't think so.  I suspect this fudge will actually be the end result despite the headlines but it's a position that is likely to satisfy few.

Read the full Daily Mail piece here.

Wednesday, 23 February 2011

Aid to Africa, Gay Rights and a Counterintuitive Reaction

Hurrah, a Tory MEP, Charles Tannock, says something sensible, and argues that EU financial aid to African countries should depend on their commitment to gay and human rights. He specifically focuses on Uganda and the case of David Kato who was murdered last month. He reportedly said:

“It is inevitable that in a climate of such bigotry the lives of gay rights activists would be endangered, and so it has sadly proved to be the case with David Kato. He knew the risks of publicly defending gays.

“I am sure that many of my London constituents are deeply concerned about the European Union giving financial aid to a country where such disgusting sentiments are not only tolerated but sometimes apparently officially condoned."

I'm going to say something you might not expect, and which may annoy some of you. I think he's wrong. I think, when it comes to aid for Africa, we ought to be going against our instincts and giving the dosh anyway - even to countries like Uganda; countries that oppress and murder their homosexual citizens.

This isn't because I've flipped but rather because I think we are becoming too focused on the "small picture", and too rooted in a narrow European perspective. We are failing to fully appreciate what's going on in Africa and how rapidly Europe is losing its influence. One word explains this. That word is 'China'.

China is pouring aid into Africa by the bucket-load. A rapidly expanding Chinese economy needs the raw resources that Africa is rich in, and it needs to build the relationships, and ensure it has influcnce in the giant continent that is Africa. It is busy building tomorrow's world, whilst Europe can't look past yesterday's world. The aid from China often comes without the strings that would come with European aid. As you would expect, human rights isn't a major issue for China.

If you were running an African government, who would you take your money from? The with strings or no-strings funder? The one who says nothing but nice things, or the constant critic? It's not hard to see why China is advancing across Africa. This means that a set of values are being perpetuated into the long term that reflect Chinese socio-political and legal concerns. They will be transplanted into the African consciousness and European ideals and values will increasingly be rejected. Only by being in there, by being a friend to Africa, can we say the things that only a friend can say. The things that only a friend listens to.

So, whilst my instinct is to say "hurrah", to agree with the comments of Tannock, my head says "no". Let's keep focused on the bigger picture in Africa and delivering long-term sustainable human rights, and a transformation in attitudes to gender and sexuality.

Monday, 3 January 2011

Uganda, Homophobia and a Privacy Victory

One of the great fronts in the battle for gay rights is Africa. It's therefore cheering to see this report in the Guardian today on a positive legal outcome in Uganda. The case concerned the printing of addresses and photographs of some of the 100 people it named as "Uganda's top homos" in a small circulation newspaper started by journalism graduates from Makerere University in Kampala The court found that the report violated their constitutional rights to privacy and safety and awarded the three plaintiffs in whose names the case was launched just over £400 each in damages. Although the newspaper goes by the name 'Rolling Stone', the US magazine was quick to distance itself from the Ugandan publication, branding the paper 'an imposter'.

Good news and a positive outcome but let's not get carried away. That this was started by a university newspaper should surely be a source of concern? A new generation of education Ugandans will be beginning their working lives in politics, law, and other state roles with a clear background in homophobia. A battle has been won, but the war has barely begun.

Sunday, 23 May 2010

Malawi judgment in full

You can read the full judgment in the sad case of Steven and Tiwonge’s at this link. When you read the PDF file, it is a reminder of the lasting impact of English law - the citations will be familiar to law students. I was slightly horrified to see an old out of date law dictionary cited at one point as an authority. Much of the document reads like a very poor student essay and yet unlike a poor essay it's had a profound impact on two lives immediately and will no doubt have cast a fearful shadow over many more citizens of Malawi.

Read the judgment here.

Saturday, 22 May 2010

Action on Malawi

If there is an upside to the terrible case of Steven Monjeza and Tiwonge Chimbalanga - sentenced to 14 years hard labour this week in Malawi for being openly homosexual - it is perhaps that we are talking about the state of gay rights in Africa. But goodness me, Steven and Tiwonge are paying too high a price for our consciousness raising. The Guardian carries a long and wonderful piece today talking to gay rights activists across Africa. I'm pleased to see African gay rights activists being given a voice. If Africa is to change, it must be within. Our job in the West must surely be to nudge their leaders along and offer what support we can to their own activists and their own campaigns.

Peter Tatchell - who has campaigned tirelessly on this, like so many issues, has offered some clear and practical advice on what you and I can do to help. I've reproduced it below.

Three things you can do to support our heroes

http://petertatchell.net/international/support-tiwonge-and-steven-in-prison-in-malawi.html


Big thanks to everyone who has shown their concern and anger at the outrageous 14-year jail term handed down to Steven Monjeza and Tiwonge Chimbalanga in Malawi.

See background to their prosecution and sentence here:
http://www.petertatchell.net/international/14-years-for-malawi-couple-is-brutal.html

Here are three ways you can help:

FIRST

Send a letter or postcard of support to Steven and Tiwonge. In this difficult time, they need to know that people around the world love and support them. Get all your friends to do the same. Write to:

Tiwonge Chimbalanga and Steven Monjeza, Prisoners, Chichiri Prison,
P.O.Box 30117, Chichiri, Blantyre 3, Malawi

SECOND

Write a letter to your elected political representative. Urge him or her to write a letter of protest to Malawian President and to the Malawian Ambassador in your country.

If you live in the UK:
Email your MP and all your MEPs via this website: www.writetothem.com

Ask your MP and MEPs to protest to the Malawian President and to the Malawi High Commission in London.

Ask your MP to sign Early Day Motion 564, which protests against the prosecution of Tiwonge and Steven. See here:
http://edmi.parliament.uk/EDMi/EDMDetails.aspx?EDMID=40143&SESSION=903


THIRD

Make a donation by post or BACS electronic transfer to the Malawi Defence Campaign, organised the UK-based LGBT organisation OutRage!

OutRage! will use all money donated to support Tiwonge and Steven with food parcels, medicine, clothes, blankets etc. and to help fund the campaign for their release.

By BACS electronic transfer:
Account name: OutRage!
Bank: Alliance and Leicester Commercial Bank, Bootle, Merseyside, GIR
0AA, England, UK
Account number: 77809302
Sort code: 72-00-01
For electronic transfers from overseas (outside the UK), please
ADDITIONALLY quote these codes:
BIC: ALEIGB22
IBAN: GB65ALE1720001778093 02

By cheque:
Write a cheque payable to “OutRage!” and send to OutRage!, PO Box 17816, London SW14 8WT. Enclose a note giving your name and address and stating that your donation is for the Malawi Defence campaign.

Thanks for your concern and commitment to justice for Tiwonge and Steven.

Solidarity! Peter Tatchell, OutRage!

www.petertatchell.net

www.outrage.org.uk

Friday, 5 February 2010

Africa and the Anti-Gay Drive

Earlier in the week, Newsnight broadcasted a powerful piece on Uganda. Today, Pink News reports that 'deputy foreign minister Henry Okello Oryem has said his country's anti-homosexuality bill is likely to be changed before it passes into law'. The exact details are not given. This follows global pressure from Obama and Gordon Brown to abandon a proposed law that would execute homosexuals. With other anti-gay laws proposed in Malawi it seems that Africa is somewhere I should definitely put on the 'no holiday' list. In all seriousness, how many of us do contemplate 'they would kill me' in terms of choosing where they can/should travel to? As ever greater amounts of Africa appear to erect the barbed wire and 'no entry' notice to homosexuals, there is a challenge for global leaders to think more holistically about their approach. Brown and Obama have no worries about telling 'tin pot' African countries that have no strategic importance to the west what to do, but we seem much more reluctant to do so to our neighbours. Brown has an opportunity to condemn the views of the Pope who has announced controversial plans to visit Britain in September and used the announcement of his visit as an opportunity to attack Britain's equality laws, following his earlier attack on gay marriage - calling it an 'attack' on creation.

In this month, LGBT History Month, our political leaders need to learn the lessons of the past and condemn homophobia wherever it might be, and no matter how politically inconvenient it might be. Watch the Newsnight piece here.

Monday, 7 December 2009

Lesbians and 'Corrective' Rape

Sky News is carrying a horrendous story about the 'corrective' rape of Lesbians in South Africa. According to the piece, 'Sky News has found evidence of widespread abuse against the lesbian community - resulting in a new trend of so-called "corrective rape".' Read the full story here.

Tuesday, 6 January 2009

Ultimatum to homosexuals, drug dealers, thieves and other criminals

Pink News carries a disturbing story from the Gambia. According to the site 'a 79-year-old man from the Netherlands has been found guilty of indecency with several Gambian men.' The site goes on to report that 'Mr Boers was arrested at the city's international airport on December 23rd when officials found he was in possession of nude pictures of himself and some Gambian men and other pornography.' The full story can be viewed here. The Gambian government is apparently initiating a clampdown against 'homosexuals, drug dealers, thieves and other criminals'.

Monday, 18 February 2008

Egypt: New HIV Arrests


A troubling story from Egypt on the Human Rights Watch website. They report that 'Cairo police arrested four more men suspected of having HIV, signaling a wider crackdown that endangers public health and violates basic human rights...The recent arrests bring to 12 the number of men arrested in a campaign against people police suspect of being HIV-positive. Four have already been sentenced to a year in jail and eight are still in custody'. Read the full story at: http://hrw.org/english/docs/2008/02/15/egypt18064.htm
 
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